Information sending method and device and information receiving method and device

ABSTRACT

An information sending method and device are provided, which include: obtaining M pieces of code block information corresponding to one codeword; performing the following processing on each of the M pieces of code block information to obtain N layers of output bit information: obtaining a quantity K of layers corresponding to one piece of the M pieces of code block information; obtaining a quantity of bits output after rate matching is performed on the one piece of code block information; and obtaining K layers of output bit information of the one piece of code block information based on the quantity of layers corresponding to the one piece of code block information and the quantity of bits output after rate matching is performed on the one piece of code block information; and modulating the N layers of output bit information and sending the modulated N layers of output bit information.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of International Application No.PCT/CN2017/091119, filed on Jun. 30, 2017, which claims priority toChinese Patent Application No. 201610503837.7, filed on Jun. 30, 2016.The disclosures of the aforementioned applications are herebyincorporated by reference in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the field of communicationstechnologies, and in particular, to an information sending method anddevice and an information receiving method and device.

BACKGROUND

In a Long Term Evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) system, duringinformation transmission between devices, an original bitstream ofinformation may be processed as a codeword (Codeword, CW) for subsequenttransmission. One codeword may be corresponding to one transport block(Transport Block, TB). For example, a sending device performs checkcoding on an original information bit of one codeword, segments thecodeword into code blocks according to a transport block size, performsprocesses such as check coding, channel coding, and rate matching on allthe code blocks of the codeword to obtain bitstreams, performs serialconcatenation on the bitstreams, and then modulates a bitstream obtainedafter the serial concatenation and maps the bitstream to a resource.

In other words, in the LTE system, serial concatenation is sequentiallyperformed on a plurality of code blocks, and a bit stream obtained afterthe serial concatenation is modulated and mapped. As a result, a singlecode block is usually mapped to resource elements (Resource Element, RE)that are relatively centralized in time domain and frequency domain,resulting in a relatively low time domain diversity gain or a relativelylow frequency domain diversity gain.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present invention provide an information sendingmethod and device and an information receiving method and device, toimprove a time domain diversity gain and/or a frequency domain diversitygain of code block mapping.

According to a first aspect, an information sending method is provided,and the method includes:

obtaining M pieces of to-be-sent code block information corresponding toone codeword, where M is a positive integer; performing the followingprocessing on each of the M pieces of code block information to obtain Nlayers of output bit information: obtaining a quantity K of layerscorresponding to one piece of code block information; obtaining aquantity of bits output after rate matching is performed on the onepiece of code block information; and obtaining K layers of output bitinformation of the one piece of code block information based on thequantity of layers corresponding to the one piece of code blockinformation and the quantity of bits output after rate matching isperformed on the one piece of code block information, where N is aninteger greater than 1; and modulating the N layers of output bitinformation and sending the modulated N layers of output bitinformation.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the M pieces of code blockinformation belonging to the codeword may be processed to obtain the Nlayers of output bit information, and then the N layers of output bitinformation are modulated and mapped. Compared with a prior-art mannerin which one piece of code block information is sequentially mapped toadjacent resource elements, in this embodiment of the present invention,bits in a single piece of code block information may be mapped toresource elements that are more distributed, thereby improving a timedomain diversity gain and/or a frequency domain diversity gain of codeblock mapping.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementationof the first aspect, the obtaining a quantity K of layers correspondingto one piece of code block information may be implemented in thefollowing manner: obtaining, based on the quantity N of layerscorresponding to the M pieces of code block information and M, thequantity K of layers corresponding to the one piece of code blockinformation.

A manner of obtaining the quantity of layers corresponding to the onepiece of code block information is provided, and K may be obtained inthis relatively simple manner.

With reference to the first possible implementation of the first aspect,in a second possible implementation of the first aspect, the obtaining,based on the quantity N of layers corresponding to the M pieces of codeblock information and M, the quantity K of layers corresponding to theone piece of code block information may be implemented by using thefollowing formula:

$\{ {\begin{matrix}{\lfloor \frac{N}{M} \rfloor,} & {0 \leq r \leq {M - {N\mspace{14mu} \% \mspace{14mu} M} - 1}} \\{\lceil \frac{N}{M} \rceil,} & {0 \leq r \leq {M - {N\mspace{14mu} \% \mspace{14mu} M} - 1}}\end{matrix},} $

where

r represents an index of the one piece of code block information.

A specific calculation formula for obtaining, based on the quantity N oflayers corresponding to the M pieces of code block information and M,the quantity K of layers corresponding to the one piece of code blockinformation is provided, so that K can be obtained by using the formula,and it can be seen that this formula is relatively simple and relativelyeasy to implement.

With reference to the first aspect, or the first possible implementationor the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a thirdpossible implementation of the first aspect, the obtaining a quantity ofbits output after rate matching is performed on the one piece of codeblock information may be implemented in the following manner: obtaining,based on the quantity of layers corresponding to the one piece of codeblock information, a quantity of spatial multiplexing layers, amodulation order of one layer corresponding to the one piece of codeblock information, and a quantity of resource elements occupied by thecodeword to which the one piece of code block information belongs, thequantity of bits output after rate matching is performed on the onepiece of code block information.

A manner of obtaining the quantity of bits output after rate matching isperformed on the one piece of code block information is provided.

With reference to the third possible implementation of the first aspect,in a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the obtaining,based on the quantity of layers corresponding to the one piece of codeblock information, a quantity of spatial multiplexing layers, amodulation order of one layer corresponding to the one piece of codeblock information, and a quantity of resource elements occupied by thecodeword to which the one piece of code block information belongs, thequantity of bits output after rate matching is performed on the onepiece of code block information may be implemented by using thefollowing formula:

E _(r) =K●N _(L) ●Q _(SM) ●N _(RE), where

E_(r) represents the quantity of bits output after rate matching isperformed on the one piece of code block information, K represents thequantity of layers corresponding to the one piece of code blockinformation, N_(L) represents the quantity of spatial multiplexinglayers, Q_(SM) represents the modulation order of the one layercorresponding to the one piece of code block information, and N_(RE)represents the quantity of resource elements occupied by the codeword towhich the one piece of code block information belongs.

A specific calculation formula for obtaining the quantity of bits outputafter rate matching is performed on the one piece of code blockinformation is provided. The quantity of bits output after rate matchingis performed on the one piece of code block information can be obtainedby using this formula, and the quantity of bits output after ratematching is performed on the one piece of code block information isrelatively accurate when being obtained by using this formula.

With reference to any one of the first aspect, and the first possibleimplementation to the fourth possible implementation of the firstaspect, in a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, theobtaining K layers of output bit information of the one piece of codeblock information based on the quantity of layers corresponding to theone piece of code block information and the quantity of bits outputafter rate matching is performed on the one piece of code blockinformation may be implemented in the following manner: obtaining anm^(th) layer of output bit information in the K layers of output bitinformation of the one piece of code block information according to thefollowing formula, to obtain the K layers of output bit information,where m is an integer ranging from 0 to K−1:

B={b _(m+n●K)}, where

B represents the m^(th) layer of output bit information of the one pieceof code block information, m represents an index of a layercorresponding to the one piece of code block information, m=0 , . . . ,or K−1, b_(m+n●K) represents an (m+n●K)^(th) output bit to be mapped toan m^(th) layer after rate matching is performed on the one piece ofcode block information, n=0 , . . . ,

${\frac{E_{r}}{K} - 1},$

or K represents the quantity of layers corresponding to the one piece ofcode block information, and E_(r) represents the quantity of bits outputafter rate matching is performed on the one piece of code blockinformation.

According to a second aspect, another information sending method isprovided, and the method includes:

obtaining M pieces of to-be-sent code block information corresponding toone codeword, where M is a positive integer; concatenating bitstreamsobtained after rate matching is performed on the M pieces of code blockinformation, to obtain a first bitstream; inputting the first bitstreamto an interleaver; obtaining N layers of output bit information outputby the interleaver based on the first bitstream, where N is an integergreater than 1; and modulating the N layers of output bit informationand sending the modulated N layers of output bit information.

This embodiment of the present invention provides the anotherinformation sending method, and in this information sending method, theN layers of output bit information may be obtained after the M pieces ofcode block information belonging to the codeword are concatenated andinput to the interleaver, and then the N layers of output bitinformation are modulated and mapped. This information sending manner isrelatively simple and easy to implement. Compared with a prior-artmanner in which one piece of code block information is sequentiallymapped to adjacent resource elements, in this embodiment of the presentinvention, bits in a single piece of code block information may bemapped to resource elements that are more distributed, thereby improvinga time domain diversity gain and/or a frequency domain diversity gain ofcode block mapping.

According to a third aspect, an information receiving method isprovided, and the method includes: receiving a signal sent by aninformation sending device; obtaining N layers of output bit informationbased on the received signal; and processing the N layers of output bitinformation to obtain M pieces of code block information.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the information sendingdevice performs superposition modulation after the M pieces of codeblock information are mapped to a plurality of layers, so that aninformation receiving device can perform decoding in an iterativedecoding manner, thereby improving system performance. This decodingmanner helps improve an error correction capability, thereby improvingsystem performance. According to theories such as an information theoryand a decoding principle, superposition modulation is performed after Mpieces of code block information are mapped to different layers, andcontent of a plurality of code block information is mapped to a sameresource element. In this case, when the information receiving deviceperforms demodulation, some extra mutual information may exist betweenthe different pieces of code block information mapped to the sameresource element, and iterative decoding performance of the informationreceiving device may be better by using the mutual information.

With reference to the third aspect, in a first possible implementationof the third aspect, the processing the N layers of output bitinformation to obtain M pieces of code block information may beimplemented in the following manner: determining, based on an indexcorresponding to each of N layers and indexes corresponding to the Mpieces of code block information, output bit information correspondingto the M pieces of code block information; and processing the output bitinformation corresponding to the M pieces of code block information toobtain the M pieces of code block information.

An index of each of the M pieces of code block information and the indexof each of the N layers may be sent by the information sending device tothe information receiving device. For example, the information sendingdevice may add a corresponding index to output bit information and sendthe output bit information to the information receiving device, or theinformation sending device may send the indexes of the code blockinformation and the indexes of the layers to the information receivingdevice by using other information. Alternatively, the index of each ofthe M pieces of code block information and the index of each of the Nlayers may be pre-agreed between the information sending device and theinformation receiving device, may be specified in a protocol or astandard, or the like. The information receiving device can restore theM pieces of code block information based on corresponding indexes. Thismanner is relatively simple and easy to implement.

With reference to the third aspect, in a second possible implementationof the third aspect, the processing the N layers of output bitinformation to obtain M pieces of code block information may beimplemented in the following manner: performing de-interleavingprocessing on the N layers of output bit information to obtain a firstbitstream, where the first bitstream is obtained by concatenatingbitstreams obtained after rate matching is performed on the M pieces ofcode block information; and obtaining the M pieces of code blockinformation based on the first bitstream.

The information receiving device may obtain the first bitstream only byperforming de-interleaving processing on the N layers of output bitinformation. Which output bit information in the first bitstream iscorresponding to which code block information, namely, a correspondencebetween output bit information and code block information may be carriedin the first bitstream, may be pre-agreed between the informationsending device and the information receiving device, or may be specifiedin a protocol or a standard. In conclusion, the information receivingdevice may obtain the M pieces of code block information based on thefirst bitstream and the correspondence between output bit informationand code block information.

It can be learned that regardless of whether the information is sentaccording to the method in the first aspect or according to the methodin the second aspect, the information may be received according to themethod provided in the third aspect.

According to a fourth aspect, a first information sending device isprovided, and the device may include a processor and a transmitter. Theprocessor is configured to: obtain M pieces of to-be-sent code blockinformation corresponding to one codeword, where M is a positiveinteger; and perform the following processing on each of the M pieces ofcode block information to obtain N layers of output bit information:obtaining a quantity K of layers corresponding to one piece of codeblock information; obtaining a quantity of bits output after ratematching is performed on the one piece of code block information; andobtaining K layers of output bit information of the one piece of codeblock information based on the quantity of layers corresponding to theone piece of code block information and the quantity of bits outputafter rate matching is performed on the one piece of code blockinformation, where N is an integer greater than 1. The transmitter isconfigured to: modulate the N layers of output bit information obtainedby the processor and send the modulated N layers of output bitinformation.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a first possible implementationof the fourth aspect, that the processor obtains a quantity K of layerscorresponding to one piece of code block information may be implementedin the following manner: obtaining, based on the quantity N of layerscorresponding to the M pieces of code block information and M, thequantity K of layers corresponding to the one piece of code blockinformation.

With reference to the first possible implementation of the fourthaspect, in a second possible implementation of the fourth aspect, thatthe processor obtains, based on the quantity N of layers correspondingto the M pieces of code block information and M, the quantity K oflayers corresponding to the one piece of code block information may beimplemented by using the following formula:

$\{ {\begin{matrix}{\lfloor \frac{N}{M} \rfloor,} & {0 \leq r \leq {M - {N\mspace{14mu} \% \mspace{14mu} M} - 1}} \\{\lceil \frac{N}{M} \rceil,} & {{M - {N\mspace{14mu} \% \mspace{14mu} M} - 1} < r < N}\end{matrix},} $

where

r represents an index of the one piece of code block information.

With reference to the fourth aspect, or the first possibleimplementation or the second possible implementation of the fourthaspect, in a third possible implementation of the fourth aspect, thatthe processor obtains a quantity of bits output after rate matching isperformed on the one piece of code block information may be implementedin the following manner: obtaining, based on the quantity of layerscorresponding to the one piece of code block information, a quantity ofspatial multiplexing layers, a modulation order of one layercorresponding to the one piece of code block information, and a quantityof resource elements occupied by the codeword to which the one piece ofcode block information belongs, the quantity of bits output after ratematching is performed on the one piece of code block information.

With reference to the third possible implementation of the fourthaspect, in a fourth possible implementation of the fourth aspect, thatthe processor obtains, based on the quantity of layers corresponding tothe one piece of code block information, a quantity of spatialmultiplexing layers, a modulation order of one layer corresponding tothe one piece of code block information, and a quantity of resourceelements occupied by the codeword to which the one piece of code blockinformation belongs, the quantity of bits output after rate matching isperformed on the one piece of code block information may be implementedby using the following formula:

E _(r) =K●N _(L) ●Q _(SM) ●N _(RE), where

E_(r) represents the quantity of bits output after rate matching isperformed on the one piece of code block information, K represents thequantity of layers corresponding to the one piece of code blockinformation, N_(L) represents the quantity of spatial multiplexinglayers, represents the modulation order of the one layer correspondingto the one piece of code block information, and N_(RE) represents thequantity of resource elements occupied by the codeword to which the onepiece of code block information belongs.

With reference to any one of the fourth aspect, and the first possibleimplementation to the fourth possible implementation of the fourthaspect, in a fifth possible implementation of the fourth aspect, thatthe processor obtains K layers of output bit information of the onepiece of code block information based on the quantity of layerscorresponding to the one piece of code block information and thequantity of bits output after rate matching is performed on the onepiece of code block information may be implemented in the followingmanner: obtaining an m^(th) layer of output bit information in the Klayers of output bit information of the one piece of code blockinformation according to the following formula, to obtain the K layersof output bit information, where m is an integer ranging from 0 to K−1:

B={b _(m+n●K)}, where

B represents the m^(th) layer of output bit information of the one pieceof code block information, m represents an index of a layercorresponding to the one piece of code block information, m=0 , . . . ,or K−1, b_(m+n●K) represents an (m+n●K)^(th) output bit to be mapped toan m^(th) layer after rate matching is performed on the one piece ofcode block information, n=0 , . . . , or

${\frac{E_{r}}{K} - 1},$

K represents the quantity of layers corresponding to the one piece ofcode block information, and E_(r) represents the quantity of bits outputafter rate matching is performed on the one piece of code blockinformation.

According to a fifth aspect, a second information sending device isprovided, and the device includes a processor and a transmitter. Theprocessor is configured to: obtain M pieces of to-be-sent code blockinformation corresponding to one codeword, where M is a positiveinteger; concatenate bitstreams obtained after rate matching isperformed on the M pieces of code block information, to obtain a firstbitstream; input the first bitstream to an interleaver; and obtain Nlayers of output bit information output by the interleaver based on thefirst bitstream, where N is an integer greater than 1. The transmitteris configured to: modulate the N layers of output bit information andsend the modulated N layers of output bit information.

According to a sixth aspect, a first information receiving device isprovided, and the device includes a receiver and a processor. Thereceiver is configured to receive a signal sent by an informationsending device. The processor is configured to: obtain N layers ofoutput bit information based on the signal received by the receiver, andprocess the N layers of output bit information to obtain M pieces ofcode block information.

With reference to the sixth aspect, in a first possible implementationof the sixth aspect, that the processor processes the N layers of outputbit information to obtain M pieces of code block information may beimplemented in the following manner: determining, based on an indexcorresponding to each of N layers and indexes corresponding to the Mpieces of code block information, output bit information correspondingto the M pieces of code block information; and processing the output bitinformation corresponding to the M pieces of code block information toobtain the M pieces of code block information.

With reference to the sixth aspect, in a second possible implementationof the sixth aspect, that the processor processes the N layers of outputbit information to obtain M pieces of code block information may beimplemented in the following manner: performing de-interleavingprocessing on the N layers of output bit information to obtain a firstbitstream, where the first bitstream is obtained by concatenatingbitstreams obtained after rate matching is performed on the M pieces ofcode block information; and obtaining the M pieces of code blockinformation based on the first bitstream.

According to a seventh aspect, a third information sending device isprovided, and the device may include a module configured to perform themethod according to any one of the first aspect and the possibleimplementations of the first aspect.

According to an eighth aspect, a fourth information sending device isprovided, and the device may include a module configured to perform themethod according to any one of the second aspect and the possibleimplementations of the second aspect.

According to a ninth aspect, a second information receiving device isprovided, and the device may include a module configured to perform themethod according to any one of the third aspect and the possibleimplementations of the third aspect.

According to a tenth aspect, a communications apparatus is provided. Thecommunications apparatus may be the information sending device in theforegoing method design, or may be a chip, a circuit, or a boarddisposed in the information sending device. The communications apparatusincludes: a memory configured to store an instruction or a program, acommunications interface, and a processor. The processor is coupled tothe memory and the communications interface. When the processor executesthe instruction or the program, the method performed by the informationsending device in any one of the first aspect and the possible designsof the first aspect, or any one of the second aspect and the possibledesigns of the second aspect is implemented.

According to an eleventh aspect, a communications apparatus is provided.The communications apparatus may be the information receiving device inthe foregoing method design, or may be a chip, a circuit, or a boarddisposed in the information receiving device. The communicationsapparatus includes: a memory configured to store an instruction or code,a communications interface, and a processor. The processor is coupled tothe memory and the communications interface. When the processor executesthe instruction or the code, the method performed by the informationreceiving device in any one of the third aspect and the possible designsof the third aspect is implemented.

According to a twelfth aspect, a computer storage medium is provided,configured to store a computer software instruction used by theinformation sending device described in the fourth aspect, theinformation sending device described in the seventh aspect, or thecommunications apparatus described in the tenth aspect. The computerstorage medium includes a program designed for the information sendingdevice to execute any one of the first aspect and the possible designsof the first aspect.

According to a thirteenth aspect, a computer storage medium is provided,configured to store a computer software instruction used by theinformation sending device described in the fifth aspect, theinformation sending device described in the eighth aspect, or thecommunications apparatus described in the tenth aspect. The computerstorage medium includes a program designed for the information sendingdevice to execute any one of the second aspect and the possible designsof the second aspect.

According to a fourteenth aspect, a computer storage medium is provided,configured to store a computer software instruction used by theinformation receiving device described in the sixth aspect, theinformation receiving device described in the ninth aspect, or thecommunications apparatus described in the eleventh aspect. The computerstorage medium includes a program designed for the information receivingdevice to execute any one of the third aspect and the possible designsof the third aspect.

According to a fifteenth aspect, a computer program product including aninstruction is provided, and when the computer program product runs on acomputer, a program designed for the information sending device in anyone of the first aspect and the possible designs of the first aspect isexecuted.

According to a sixteenth aspect, a computer program product including aninstruction is provided, and when the computer program product runs on acomputer, a program designed for the information sending device in anyone of the second aspect and the possible designs of the second aspectis executed.

According to a seventeenth aspect, a computer program product includingan instruction is provided, and when the computer program product runson a computer, a program designed for the information receiving devicein any one of the third aspect and the possible designs of the thirdaspect is executed.

According to an eighteenth aspect, an apparatus is provided, configuredto perform the method according to any one of the first aspect, thesecond aspect, the possible designs of the first aspect, and thepossible designs of the second aspect.

In the embodiments of the present invention, code block information isprocessed to obtain N layers of output bit information for furthermodulation and mapping. Therefore, bits in a single piece of code blockinformation may be mapped to resource elements that are moredistributed, thereby improving a time domain diversity gain and/or afrequency domain diversity gain of code block mapping.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the presentinvention more clearly, the following briefly describes the accompanyingdrawings required for describing the embodiments of the presentinvention. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the followingdescription show merely some embodiments of the present invention, and aperson of ordinary skill in the art may still derive other drawings fromthese accompanying drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a codeword mapping process in an LTEsystem;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a first information sending method according toan embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first information sending processaccording to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a second information sending method accordingto an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process of sending information byusing an interleaver according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an information receiving method according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first information sendingdevice according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first informationreceiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second information sendingdevice according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a third information sendingdevice according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a second informationreceiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of theembodiments of the present invention clearer, the following clearlydescribes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the presentinvention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodimentsof the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are somebut not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All otherembodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based onthe embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shallfall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the presentinvention.

The technologies described in this specification may be applied tovarious communications systems, for example, a 4G or next-generationcommunications system such as an LTE system, and other communicationssystems.

The following describes some terms in the embodiments of the presentinvention, so that a person skilled in the art can have a betterunderstanding.

(1) Codeword: User plane data needs to be processed at a plurality oflayers before being sent. Consecutive data streams, generally understoodas transport blocks, are processed at a physical layer. The transportblocks usually need to be converted into codewords at the physicallayer, and one transport block is usually corresponding to one codeword.

(2) Code block: A transport block is segmented at the physical layer,and each segment obtained after the segmentation is referred to as onecode block.

(3) User equipment: The user equipment is a device that provides voiceand/or data connectivity for a user, and may include, for example, ahandheld device with a wireless connection function or a processingdevice connected to a wireless modem. The user equipment may communicatewith a core network by using a radio access network (Radio AccessNetwork, RAN), and exchange voice and/or data with the RAN. The userequipment (User Equipment, UE) may include a wireless terminal device, amobile terminal device, a subscriber unit (Subscriber Unit), asubscriber station (Subscriber Station), a mobile station (MobileStation), a mobile (Mobile) console, a remote station (Remote Station),an access point (Access Point, AP), a remote terminal device (RemoteTerminal), an access terminal device (Access Terminal), a user terminaldevice (User Terminal), a user agent (User Agent), a user device (UserDevice), or the like. For example, the user equipment may include amobile phone (or referred to as a “cellular” phone), a computer with amobile terminal device, or a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computerbuilt-in, or in-vehicle mobile apparatus. For example, the userequipment is a device such as a personal communications service(Personal Communication Service, PCS) phone, a cordless telephone set, aSession Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WirelessLocal Loop, WLL) station, or a personal digital assistant (PersonalDigital Assistant, PDA).

(4) Network device: The network device includes, for example, a basestation (for example, an access point), and may be specifically a devicethat communicates with a wireless terminal device in an air interface inan access network by using one or more sectors. The base station may beconfigured to mutually convert a received over-the-air frame and areceived Internet Protocol (IP) packet, and serve as a router betweenthe wireless terminal device and a remaining part of the access network.The remaining part of the access network may include an IP network. Thebase station may further coordinate attribute management of the airinterface. For example, the base station may be a radio networkcontroller (Radio Network Controller, RNC) or a base station controller(Base Station Controller, BSC), or may be an evolved NodeB (NodeB, eNB,or eNodeB, evolutional NodeB) in an LTE-Advanced (LTE-Advanced, LTE-A)system. This is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

(5) The terms “system” and “network” may be used interchangeably in theembodiments of the present invention. “A plurality of” means two or morethan two. The term “and/or” describes an association relationship fordescribing associated objects and represents that three relationshipsmay exist. For example, A and/or B may represent the following threecases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists. Inaddition, the character “/” generally indicates an “or” relationshipbetween the associated objects unless specified otherwise.

A codeword mapping process in an LTE system is first described.

Referring to FIG. 1, a sending device adds a cyclic redundancy code(Cyclic Redundancy Code, CRC) to one codeword, segments a transportblock to which the CRC is added, to obtain at least one code block, addsa CRC to each code block, performs channel coding (channel coding) oneach code block to which the CRC is added, where coding may be performedin a Turbo coding manner, performs rate matching (rate matching) on acoded code block, performs serial concatenation (concatenation) onbitstreams obtained after rate matching, and then modulates a bitstreamobtained after the serial concatenation and maps the bitstream to aresource element.

It can be learned that, in the LTE system, serial concatenation issequentially performed on bitstreams obtained after rate matching isperformed on a plurality of code blocks, and a bitstream obtained afterthe serial concatenation is modulated and mapped. As a result, a singlecode block is usually mapped to REs that are relatively centralized intime domain and frequency domain, resulting in a relatively low timedomain diversity gain and a relatively low frequency domain diversitygain.

The following describes the technical solutions provided in theembodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanyingdrawings.

Referring to FIG. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides aninformation sending method, and a procedure of the method is describedas follows:

Step 201: Obtain M pieces of to-be-sent code block informationcorresponding to one codeword, where M is a positive integer.

Step 202: Perform the following processing on each of the M pieces ofcode block information to obtain N layers of output bit information:obtaining a quantity K of layers corresponding to one piece of codeblock information; obtaining a quantity of bits output after ratematching is performed on the one piece of code block information; andobtaining K layers of output bit information of the one piece of codeblock information based on the quantity of layers corresponding to theone piece of code block information and the quantity of bits outputafter rate matching is performed on the one piece of code blockinformation, where N is an integer greater than 1.

Step 203: Modulate the N layers of output bit information and send themodulated N layers of output bit information.

Serial numbers of the steps in this embodiment of the present inventionconstitute no limitation on an execution sequence of the steps, and thesteps may be performed in any possible sequence.

This embodiment of the present invention constitutes no limitation on adevice that performs the information sending method. For example, thedevice may be user equipment or a network device.

In this embodiment of the present invention, if to-be-sent code blockinformation is corresponding to a plurality of codewords, code blockinformation corresponding to each codeword may be processed according tothe method provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. Usually contentof different codewords is not mapped to a same layer. In other words,one layer of output bit information usually includes all or a part ofcontent of one codeword other than content of a plurality of codewords.If to-be-sent code block information is corresponding to a plurality ofcodewords, all the to-be-sent code block information may becorresponding to one user equipment. For example, the device thatperforms the information sending method may be the user equipment, orthe device that performs the information sending method is a networkdevice and a device that receives the sent code block information is theuser equipment. Alternatively, all the to-be-sent code block informationmay be corresponding to at least two user equipments. For example, thedevice that performs the information sending method is a network device,and devices that receive the sent code block information are the atleast two user equipments.

Optionally, a quantity of layers may be determined by using a protocol,or may be determined by a device according to different cases. Differentlayers are set. The information sending device performs lower-ordermodulation on code bit information of a single layer, and performslinear superposition processing on lower-order modulated signals ofdifferent layers, to obtain a superposed output signal. In other words,the information sending device may perform superposition modulation onsignals of different layers, and send a superposed output signal to theinformation receiving device. In this information transmission method,lower-order modulated signals of different layers are superposed, anditerative decoding is performed on a receiver side, to obtain aniterative decoding gain. In addition, in this manner, during mapping ofthe code block information to resource elements, a single piece of codeblock information may be mapped to more resource elements that are moredistributed, to improve a time domain diversity gain and/or a frequencydomain diversity gain. A concept of the layer herein is not an actualphysical concept. To be specific, the layer cannot be understood as anactual “layer”, and different layers are merely used to indicate thatthe code block information is divided into different parts instead ofbeing placed at a “layer”. The name “layer” constitutes no limitation ona function of a layer. Certainly, another possible name can be used inan actual application.

Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an informationsending process according to an embodiment of the present invention. Itcan be learned from FIG. 3 that, different from the prior art, in thisembodiment of the present invention, output bit information output afterrate matching is performed on code blocks is mapped to different layersfor modulation. In the example of FIG. 3, each code block is mapped totwo layers. In other words, each “Modulation” block in the figurerepresents one layer. In this case, superposition modulation may beperformed on modulated symbol sub-streams obtained after modulation isperformed at different layers, to implement a superposition modulationfunction and improve a time domain diversity gain and/or a frequencydomain diversity gain. In addition, for a receive end, decoding may beperformed in an iterative decoding manner, so that system performancecan be improved.

The code block information in this embodiment of the present inventionmay be information obtained after processing such as encoding andinterleaving is performed on a code block. Such processing processes arecommon processes in the prior art. Therefore, details are not describedin this embodiment of the present invention.

M code blocks corresponding to the M pieces of code block informationmay be obtained by segmenting a transport block corresponding to onecodeword, and code blocks corresponding to all the to-be-sent code blockinformation may be obtained by segmenting a transport blockcorresponding to at least one codeword. In other words, the code blockscorresponding to all the to-be-sent code block information may be fromone codeword or may be from a plurality of codewords. If the code blockscorresponding to all the to-be-sent code block information are obtainedby segmenting a transport block corresponding to one codeword, all theto-be-sent code block information is corresponding to one userequipment. If the code blocks corresponding to all the to-be-sent codeblock information are obtained by segmenting transport blockscorresponding to at least two codewords, all the to-be-sent code blockinformation may be corresponding to one user equipment or at least twouser equipments.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the M pieces of code blockinformation may be mapped to at least two layers for modulation. If M isgreater than or equal to 2, each of the M pieces of code blockinformation may be mapped to one layer, so that one piece of code blockinformation may occupy one layer, or some or all of the M pieces of codeblock information may be separately mapped to a plurality of layers, sothat one piece of code block information may occupy a plurality oflayers. However, one layer carries content of only one piece of codeblock information, for example, may carry a part or all of content ofone piece of code block information. If M is 1, the code blockinformation may be mapped to at least two layers for modulation. In thiscase, one piece of code block information occupies at least two layers,and each layer carries a part of content of the piece of code blockinformation.

For example, if M is 2, and the two pieces of code block information maybe mapped to three layers, one of the two pieces of code blockinformation may be mapped to one layer, and the other piece of codeblock information may be mapped to remaining two layers. In this case,only one piece of code block information needs to be mapped to onelayer. For another example, if M is 3, and the three pieces of codeblock information are mapped to four layers, a first piece of code blockinformation may be mapped to one layer, a second piece of code blockinformation may be mapped to another layer, and a third piece of codeblock information may be mapped to remaining two layers. In this case,each of two pieces of code block information needs to be mapped to onelayer.

In an implementation, if the M pieces of code block information need tobe mapped to at least two layers for modulation, before the M pieces ofcode block information are mapped to the at least two layers formodulation, a quantity of layers to which each of the M pieces of codeblock information needs to be mapped may be obtained, in other words,how many layers to which each piece of code block information needs tobe mapped may be obtained, and a quantity of bits output after ratematching is performed on each of the M pieces of code block informationmay be obtained. Then output bit information that is of each of the Mpieces of code block information and that is to be mapped to each of theat least two layers is obtained based on the obtained quantity of layersto which each of the M pieces of code block information needs to bemapped and the obtained quantity of bits output after rate matching isperformed on each of the M pieces of code block information. In otherwords, in addition to the quantity of layers to which each piece of codeblock information is to be mapped, the output bit information that is ofeach piece of code block information and that is to be mapped to eachcorresponding layer may be determined. In this case, correspondingoutput bit information may be mapped to the at least two layers formodulation. In this way, each piece of output bit information can bemore accurately mapped to a corresponding layer.

For example, r represents an index of one piece of code blockinformation, and output bit information B_(RM) output after ratematching is performed on the code block information r may be representedby B_(RM,r), where RM represents rate matching, and B_(RM,r) may beexpressed as follows:

B _(RM,r) ={b ₀ ,b ₁ , . . . , b _(E) _(r) ⁻¹}  (1)

In Formula (1), E_(r) is a total quantity of bits output after ratematching is performed on the code block information r.

In an implementation, the quantity of bits output after rate matching isperformed on the code block information r may be obtained based on aquantity of layers corresponding to the code block information r, aquantity of spatial multiplexing layers, a modulation order of one layercorresponding to the code block information r, and a quantity ofresource elements occupied by a codeword to which the code blockinformation r belongs. In this implementation, the quantity of bitsoutput after rate matching is performed on the code block information rmay be obtained by using the following formula:

E _(r) =K●N _(L) ●Q _(SM) ●N _(RE)   (2)

In Formula (2), E_(r) is the quantity of bits output after rate matchingis performed on the code block information r, K is the quantity oflayers to which the code block information r needs to be mapped, N_(L)is the quantity of spatial multiplexing layers, Q_(SM) is the modulationorder of the one layer corresponding to the code block information r,where in this sense, modulation orders of the layers corresponding tothe code block information r are the same, and N_(RE) is the quantity ofresource elements occupied by the codeword to which the code blockinformation r belongs. In addition, modulation orders corresponding todifferent code block information included in one codeword may be thesame or different.

In an implementation, the quantity of layers corresponding to the codeblock information r may be obtained based on a quantity of layerscorresponding to M pieces of code block information and M. The M piecesof code block information belong to one codeword, and therefore aquantity of layers corresponding to the codeword can be determined, inother words, a quantity of layers to which the codeword needs to bemapped is determined. Generally, a quantity of layers corresponding toone codeword can be learned. For example, if the quantity of layers towhich the codeword needs to be mapped is represented by N, the quantityof layers to which the code block information r needs to be mapped maybe obtained in the following manner:

$\begin{matrix}\{ \begin{matrix}{\lfloor \frac{N}{M} \rfloor,} & {0 \leq r \leq {M - {N\mspace{14mu} \% \mspace{14mu} M} - 1}} \\{\lceil \frac{N}{M} \rceil,} & {{M - {N\mspace{14mu} \% \mspace{14mu} M} - 1} < r < N}\end{matrix}  & (3)\end{matrix}$

The obtaining K layers of output bit information of the code blockinformation r based on the quantity of layers corresponding to the codeblock information r and the quantity of bits output after rate matchingis performed on the code block information r may be implemented by usingFormula (4). Formula (4) is used to calculate output bit information tobe mapped to an m^(th) layer after rate matching is performed on thecode block information r, to obtain the K layers of output bitinformation of the code block information r, where m is an integerranging from 0 to K−1.

B={b _(m+n●K)}  (4)

B represents the output bit information to be mapped to the m^(th) layerafter rate matching is performed on the code block information r,b_(m+n●K) represents an (m+n●K)^(th) output bit to be mapped to them^(th) layer after rate matching is performed on the code blockinformation r, B is a subset of B_(RM,r) calculated in Formula (1), andn=0 , . . . , or

$\frac{E_{r}}{K} - 1.$

K is the quantity of layers to which the code block information r needsto be mapped, m is an index of any layer to which the code blockinformation r needs to be mapped, m=0 , . . . , or K−1, and m is aninteger.

Certainly, the foregoing formulas merely provide a possible manner ofobtaining a quantity of layers to which each code block corresponding toone codeword needs to be mapped, output bit information obtained afterrate matching is performed on each code block corresponding to thecodeword, and output bit information that is of each code blockcorresponding to the codeword and that is to be mapped to each of atleast two layers. Alternatively, the foregoing three types ofinformation may be obtained in another manner, for example, results inthe foregoing formulas may be shown in a table. This is not limited inthis embodiment of the present invention.

In addition, it can be foreseen that N may be equal to 1 in thisembodiment of the present invention, in other words, the solution inthis embodiment of the present invention may also be applied to ascenario in which the M pieces of code block information are mapped toone layer.

Referring to FIG. 4, an embodiment of the present invention providesanother information sending method as an alternative solution of theinformation sending method shown in FIG. 2. A procedure of the method isdescribed as follows:

Step 401: Obtain M pieces of to-be-sent code block informationcorresponding to one codeword, where M is a positive integer.

Step 402: Concatenate bitstreams obtained after rate matching isperformed on the M pieces of code block information, to obtain a firstbitstream.

Step 403: Input the first bitstream to an interleaver.

Step 404: Obtain N layers of output bit information output by theinterleaver based on the first bitstream, where N is an integer greaterthan 1.

Step 405: Modulate the N layers of output bit information and send themodulated N layers of output bit information.

Serial numbers of the steps in this embodiment of the present inventionconstitute no limitation on an execution sequence of the steps, and thesteps may be performed in any possible sequence.

This embodiment of the present invention constitutes no limitation on adevice that performs the information sending method. For example, thedevice may be user equipment or a network device.

For a processing process in this embodiment of the present invention,refer to FIG. 5. It can be learned that the interleaver is added in FIG.5 on the basis of FIG. 2. To be specific, in the manner shown in FIG. 5,the first bitstream is obtained after serial concatenation is performedon the bitstreams on which rate matching is performed, then the firstbitstream is input to the interleaver, and the interleaver may output atleast two sub-bitstreams. In this embodiment of the present invention,the sub-bitstream is also referred to as output bit information. Inother words, the bitstream and the output bit information in thisembodiment of the present invention are interchangeable concepts. In theexample of FIG. 4, four pieces of output bit information are output, andthe output bit information may be separately mapped to different layersfor modulation in an output sequence. This mapping manner may be appliedto a case in which M is greater than N, to be specific, a case in whicha quantity of code blocks corresponding to one codeword is greater thana quantity of layers to which the codeword needs to be mapped, and mayalso be applied to a case in which M is less than or equal to N, to bespecific, a case in which a quantity of code blocks corresponding to onecodeword is less than or equal to a quantity of layers to which thecodeword needs to be mapped.

The interleaver provided in this embodiment of the present invention maybe an interleaver of H rows and N columns in which information is inputby row and output by column, where N is a quantity of layers to whichthe M pieces of code block information need to be mapped, and

$H = {\frac{{Bit}_{C}}{N}.}$

Bit_(C) is a quantity of bits obtained by performing serialconcatenation on output bit information obtained after rate matching isperformed on the codeword, namely, a quantity of bits included in thefirst bitstream. Bit_(C) may be equal to a maximum quantity of bits thatcan be transmitted on a transmission resource used to transmit thecodeword. Bit_(C) may be considered as a known value. One column ofoutput bit information output by the interleaver is mapped to one layer.Output bit information mapped to an m^(th) layer may be represented by{b_(n+m●N)} where n=0 , . . . , or N−1, and m is an index of any layerto which the M pieces of code block information need to be mapped.

In this embodiment of the present invention, information can be mappedto a layer by using a relatively simple interleaver without using arelatively complex device, and an implementation is relatively simple.In addition, the interleaver can fully disrupt original bit locations ofthe code block information, so that a single piece of code blockinformation is mapped to resource elements that are more distributed,thereby improving a time domain diversity gain and/or a frequency domaindiversity gain. In addition, the information sending device mayimplement superposition modulation and mapping through layering. In thisway, a system performance gain can be improved.

In this embodiment of the present invention, if to-be-sent code blockinformation is corresponding to a plurality of codewords, code blockinformation corresponding to each codeword may be processed according tothe method provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, or may beprocessed according to the method provided in FIG. 4. Alternatively, ifto-be-sent code block information is corresponding to a plurality ofcodewords, different codewords may be processed in different manners.For example, each of some codewords may be processed according to themethod provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and each of remainingcodewords may be processed according to the method provided in theembodiment shown in FIG. 4. This is not limited in this embodiment ofthe present invention. If M is greater than N, and code blockinformation included in one codeword is processed according to themethod provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a quantity of layersto which some of the code block information is mapped may be 0.Therefore, such code block information may be processed preferablyaccording to the method provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, toavoid, to a greatest extent, a case in which a quantity of layers towhich code block information is mapped is 0.

For example, the to-be-sent code block information is corresponding to aplurality of codewords. In the plurality of codewords, a quantity ofpieces of code block information included in a codeword 1 is greaterthan a quantity of layers to which the codeword 1 needs to be mapped, aquantity of pieces of code block information included in a codeword 2 isless than a quantity of layers to which the codeword 2 needs to bemapped, and a quantity of pieces of code block information included in acodeword 3 is equal to a quantity of layers to which the codeword 3needs to be mapped. In this case, the codeword 2 and the codeword 3 maybe mapped according to the method provided in the embodiment shown inFIG. 2, and the codeword 1 is mapped according to the method provided inthe embodiment shown in FIG. 4; or all of the codeword 1, the codeword2, and the codeword 3 may be mapped according to the method provided inthe embodiment shown in FIG. 2; or all of the codeword 1, the codeword2, and the codeword 3 may be mapped according to the method provided inthe embodiment shown in FIG. 4.

In addition, it can be foreseen that N may be equal to 1 in thisembodiment of the present invention, in other words, the solution inthis embodiment of the present invention may also be applied to ascenario in which the M pieces of code block information are output toone layer after being processed by the interleaver.

Both the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 4describe an information sending method. Correspondingly, referring toFIG. 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides an informationreceiving method. A procedure of the method is described as follows:

Step 601: Receive a signal sent by an information sending device.

Step 602: Obtain N layers of output bit information based on thereceived signal.

Step 603: Process the N layers of output bit information to obtain Mpieces of code block information.

The N layers of output bit information described in this embodiment ofthe present invention and the N layers of output bit informationdescribed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or the N layers of outputbit information described in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 are sameoutput bit information. A same name is used for such characteristic indescriptions of a receive end and a transmit end to reflect consistency.

Regardless of whether the M pieces of code block information are sentaccording to the method provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 oraccording to the method provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, thereceive end may receive the M pieces of code block information accordingto the method provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6.

Serial numbers of the steps in this embodiment of the present inventionconstitute no limitation on an execution sequence of the steps, and thesteps may be performed in any possible sequence.

This embodiment of the present invention constitutes no limitation on adevice that performs the information receiving method. For example, thedevice may be user equipment or a network device. A determining manneris as follows: If an information sending method is performed by userequipment, the information receiving method may be performed by anetwork device; or if an information sending method is performed by anetwork device, the information receiving method may be performed byuser equipment.

The information sending device modulates the N layers of output bitinformation to obtain a modulated symbol stream, and may map themodulated symbol stream to a resource element for sending, so that theinformation receiving device can receive, on a corresponding resourceelement, a signal sent by the information sending device. Theinformation receiving device processes the received signal to obtain theN layers of output bit information. The information receiving device mayperform processing such as sampling and demodulation on the receivedsignal to obtain all output bit information sent by the informationsending device. All the output bit information herein may be output bitinformation included in one piece of code block information. If theinformation sending device sends a plurality of pieces of code blockinformation, the information receiving device may process each piece ofcode block information in the same manner. For a processing manner inwhich the information receiving device obtains, based on the receivedsignal, all the output bit information sent by the information sendingdevice, refer to the prior art. The information receiving device knows aquantity of layers corresponding to all the bit information sent by theinformation sending device, and knows output bit information in whichlocations of all the output bit information is corresponding to whichlayer. Therefore, the information receiving device may obtain the Nlayers of output bit information accordingly. Information such as thequantity of layers corresponding to all the bit information sent by theinformation sending device and output bit information in which locationsof all the output bit information is corresponding to which layer may bespecified in a protocol, or may be pre-agreed between the informationsending device and the information receiving device, or may be sent bythe information sending device to the information receiving device. Thenthe obtained output bit information is restored to the N layers ofoutput bit information, and then the N layers of output bit informationare processed to obtain the M pieces of code block information.

If the information sending device is a network device and theinformation receiving device is user equipment, the network device maysend signals to a plurality of user equipments. Any one of the userequipments usually receives the signals sent by the network device tothe plurality of user equipments, and the network device notifies theuser equipment of received information corresponding to the userequipment. Therefore, although the user equipment receives the signalssent to the plurality of user equipments, the user equipment mayprocess, according to the method provided in this embodiment of thepresent invention, a signal corresponding to the user equipment, toobtain code block information that needs to be received by the userequipment, and may discard a received signal sent to another userequipment. If the information sending device is user equipment and theinformation receiving device is a network device, a plurality of userequipments may send signals, namely, modulated output bit information,to the network device. In this case, because a transmission resource andthe like used by each user equipment are scheduled by the networkdevice, each user equipment performs independent processing based onscheduling by the network device, and the plurality of user equipmentsdo not need to cooperate with each other. Because scheduling isperformed by the network device, the network device knows a transmissionresource to which a signal transmitted by each user equipment is mapped.The network device can receive, by using the corresponding transmissionresource, the signal sent by each user equipment, and obtain, based onthe received signal, code block information sent by each user equipment.The network device may further determine which received code blockinformation is sent by which user equipment.

In an implementation, if the information sending device sends the Mpieces of code block information according to the method provided in theembodiment shown in FIG. 2, the processing the N layers of output bitinformation to obtain the M pieces of code block information may beimplemented in the following manner: determining, based on an indexcorresponding to each of N layers and indexes corresponding to the Mpieces of code block information, output bit information correspondingto the M pieces of code block information; and processing the output bitinformation corresponding to the M pieces of code block information toobtain the M pieces of code block information.

To be specific, each of the M pieces of code block information may becorresponding to an index, and each of the N layers may also becorresponding to an index. In this case, the information receivingdevice may restore the N layers of output bit information to the Mpieces of code block information based on the indexes of the code blockinformation and indexes of the layers. For example, there may be acorrespondence between the index of each of the M pieces of code blockinformation and the index of each layer corresponding to the code blockinformation. The correspondence may be specified in a protocol, may bepre-agreed between the information sending device and the informationreceiving device, or may be sent by the information sending device tothe information receiving device. The information receiving device mayrestore the N layers of output bit information to the M pieces of codeblock information based on the correspondence, the indexes of the codeblock information, and the indexes of the layers. For ease ofunderstanding, the following uses an example for description.

For example, M=2, an index of a first piece of code block information is1, an index of a second piece of code block information is 2, N=3, andthe information sending device maps the first piece of code blockinformation to a first layer, and maps the second piece of code blockinformation to a second layer and a third layer. The information sendingdevice and the information receiving device pre-agree on a quantity oflayers corresponding to all bit information sent by the informationsending device, and also agree on output bit information in whichlocations of all the obtained output bit information is corresponding towhich layer. In this case, after receiving a signal sent by theinformation sending device, the information receiving device may processthe received signal to obtain the original three layers of output bitinformation. In addition, the information sending device and theinformation receiving device also pre-agree on the correspondencebetween the index of each of the M pieces of code block information andthe index of each layer corresponding to the code block information. Forexample, the correspondence is as follows: Code block information whoseindex is 1 is corresponding to a layer whose index is 1, and code blockinformation whose index is 2 is corresponding to layers whose indexesare 2 and 3. In addition, the information sending device and theinformation receiving device also agree on indexes of code blockinformation sent by the information sending device, for example, 1 and2, and agree on the indexes of the N layers, for example, 1, 2, and 3.In this case, after obtaining the three layers of output bitinformation, the information receiving device may obtain the originaltwo pieces of code block information based on the three layers of outputbit information, the correspondence, and the corresponding indexes.

In this implementation, the index of each of the M pieces of code blockinformation and the index of each of the N layers may be sent by theinformation sending device to the information receiving device. Forexample, the information sending device may add a corresponding index tooutput bit information and send the output bit information to theinformation receiving device, or the information sending device may sendthe indexes of the code block information and the indexes of the layersto the information receiving device by using other information.Alternatively, the index of each of the M pieces of code blockinformation and the index of each of the N layers may be pre-agreedbetween the information sending device and the information receivingdevice, may be specified in a protocol or a standard, or the like.

In an implementation, if the information sending device sends the Mpieces of code block information according to the method provided in theembodiment shown in FIG. 3, the processing the N layers of output bitinformation to obtain the M pieces of bit information may be implementedin the following manner: performing de-interleaving processing on the Nlayers of output bit information to obtain a first bitstream, where thefirst bitstream is obtained by concatenating bitstreams obtained afterrate matching is performed on the M pieces of code block information;and obtaining the M pieces of code block information based on the firstbitstream.

In this implementation, the information receiving device may obtain thefirst bitstream only by performing de-interleaving processing on the Nlayers of output bit information. Which output bit information in thefirst bitstream is corresponding to which code block information,namely, a correspondence between output bit information and code blockinformation may be carried in the first bitstream, may be pre-agreedbetween the information sending device and the information receivingdevice, or may be specified in a protocol or a standard. In conclusion,the information receiving device may obtain the M pieces of code blockinformation based on the first bitstream and the correspondence betweenoutput bit information and code block information.

In this embodiment of the present invention, superposition modulation isperformed after code block information is mapped to a plurality oflayers, so that the information receiving device can perform decoding inan iterative decoding manner, thereby improving system performance. Thisdecoding manner helps improve an error correction capability, therebyimproving system performance. According to theories such as aninformation theory and a decoding principle, superposition modulation isperformed after M pieces of code block information are mapped todifferent layers, and content of a plurality of code block informationis mapped to a same resource element. In this case, when the informationreceiving device performs demodulation, some extra mutual informationmay exist between the different pieces of code block information mappedto the same resource element, and iterative decoding performance of theinformation receiving device may be better by using the mutualinformation.

The following describes devices provided in the embodiments of thepresent invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 7, based on a same invention concept, a firstinformation sending device is provided. The device may be, for example,user equipment or a network device. The device may include a processor702 and a transmitter 703.

For example, the processor 702 may include a central processing unit(CPU) or an application-specific integrated circuit(Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), may include one or moreintegrated circuits configured to control program execution, may includea hardware circuit developed by using a field programmable gate array(Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), or may include a baseband chip.

The transmitter 703 may be configured to communicate with an externaldevice.

The information sending device may further include a memory 701 that isalso shown in FIG. 7. The memory 701 may be configured to store aninstruction required by the processor 702 to execute a task, and may befurther configured to store data.

There may be one or more memories 701. The memory 701 may include aread-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a random access memory (RandomAccess Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk memory, and the like.

The memory 701 and the transmitter 703 may be connected to the processor702 by using a bus 700 (which is used as an example in FIG. 7), or maybe separately connected to the processor 702 by using a dedicatedconnection cable.

The processor 702 is designed and programmed to permanently write codecorresponding to the foregoing methods into a chip, so that when beingoperated, the chip can perform the methods described in the foregoingembodiments. How to design and program the processor 702 is a technologywell known to a person skilled in the art. Details are not describedherein.

The information sending device may be configured to perform the methodprovided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4. Therefore, for afunction and the like implemented by each unit in the informationsending device, refer to the description in the method, and details arenot described again.

Referring to FIG. 8, based on a same invention concept, a firstinformation receiving device is provided. The device may be, forexample, user equipment or a network device. The device may include aprocessor 802 and a receiver 803.

For example, the processor 802 may include a CPU or an ASIC, may includeone or more integrated circuits configured to control program execution,may include a hardware circuit developed by using an FPGA, or mayinclude a baseband chip.

The receiver 803 may be configured to communicate with an externaldevice.

The information receiving device may further include a memory 801 thatis also shown in FIG. 8. The memory 801 may be configured to store aninstruction required by the processor 802 to execute a task, and may befurther configured to store data.

There may be one or more memories 801. The memory 801 may include a ROM,a RAM, a magnetic disk memory, and the like.

The memory 801 and the receiver 803 may be connected to the processor802 by using a bus 800 (which is used as an example in FIG. 8), or maybe separately connected to the processor 802 by using a dedicatedconnection cable.

The processor 802 is designed and programmed to permanently write codecorresponding to the foregoing methods into a chip, so that when beingoperated, the chip can perform the methods described in the foregoingembodiments. How to design and program the processor 802 is a technologywell known to a person skilled in the art. Details are not describedherein.

The information receiving device may be configured to perform the methodprovided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6. Therefore, for a functionand the like implemented by each unit in the information receivingdevice, refer to the description in the method, and details are notdescribed again.

Referring to FIG. 9, based on a same invention concept, a secondinformation sending device is provided. The device may include anobtaining module 901, a processing module 902, and a sending module 903.

In an actual application, entity devices corresponding to the obtainingmodule 901 and the processing module 902 may be the processor 702 inFIG. 7, and an entity device corresponding to the sending module 903 maybe the transmitter 703 in FIG. 7.

The information sending device may be configured to perform the methodprovided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. Therefore, for a functionand the like implemented by each unit in the information sending device,refer to the description in the method, and details are not describedagain.

Referring to FIG. 10, based on a same invention concept, a thirdinformation sending device is provided. The device may include a firstobtaining module 1001, a concatenation module 1002, an operation module1003, a second obtaining module 1004, and a sending module 1005.

In an actual application, entity devices corresponding to the firstobtaining module 1001, the concatenation module 1002, the operationmodule 1003, and the second obtaining module 1004 may be the processor702 in FIG. 7, and an entity device corresponding to the sending module1005 may be the transmitter 703 in FIG. 7.

The information sending device may be configured to perform the methodprovided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. Therefore, for a functionand the like implemented by each unit in the information sending device,refer to the description in the method, and details are not describedagain.

Referring to FIG. 11, based on a same invention concept, a secondinformation receiving device is provided. The device may include areceiving module 1101, a first obtaining module 1102, and a secondobtaining module 1103.

In an actual application, an entity device corresponding to thereceiving module 1101 may be the receiver 803 in FIG. 8, and entitydevices corresponding to the first obtaining module 1102 and the secondobtaining module 1103 may be the processor 802 in FIG. 8.

The information receiving device may be configured to perform the methodprovided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6. Therefore, for a functionand the like implemented by each unit in the information receivingdevice, refer to the description in the method, and details are notdescribed again.

In the embodiments of the present invention, the M pieces of code blockinformation belonging to the codeword may be processed to obtain the Nlayers of output bit information, and then the N layers of output bitinformation are modulated and mapped. Compared with a prior-art mannerin which one piece of code block information is mapped to one resourceelement or adjacent resource elements, in the embodiments of the presentinvention, bits in a single piece of code block information may bemapped to resource elements that are more distributed, thereby improvinga time domain diversity gain and/or a frequency domain diversity gain ofcode block mapping.

In the present invention, it should be understood that the discloseddevice and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, thedescribed apparatus embodiment is merely an example. For example, theunit division is merely logical function division and may be otherdivision in actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units orcomponents may be combined or integrated into another system, or somefeatures may be ignored or not performed. In addition, the displayed ordiscussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communicationconnections may be implemented by using some interfaces. The indirectcouplings or communication connections between the apparatuses or unitsmay be implemented in electronic or other forms.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physicallyseparate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units,may be located in one position, or may be distributed on a plurality ofnetwork units. Some or all of the units may be selected based on actualneeds to achieve the embodiments of the present invention.

Functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may beintegrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may be anindependent physical module.

When the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a softwarefunctional unit and sold or used as an independent product, theintegrated unit may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.Based on such an understanding, all or some of the technical solutionsof the present invention may be implemented in a form of a softwareproduct. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium andincludes several instructions for instructing a computer device, whichmay be, for example, a personal computer, a server, or a network device,or a processor (processor) to perform all or some of the steps of themethods described in the embodiments of the present invention. Theforegoing storage medium includes: any medium that can store programcode, such as a Universal Serial Bus flash drive (Universal Serial Busflash drive), a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, oran optical disc.

The foregoing embodiments are merely used to describe the technicalsolutions of the present invention in detail. The foregoing embodimentsare merely intended to help understand the method in the embodiments ofthe present invention, and shall not be construed as a limitation on theembodiments of the present invention. Any variation or replacementreadily figured out by a person skilled in the art shall fall within theprotection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of transmitting information, comprising:obtaining M pieces of to-be-sent code block information corresponding toone codeword, wherein M is a positive integer; performing, by aprocessor, the following processing on each of the M pieces of codeblock information to obtain N layers of output bit information:obtaining a quantity K of layers corresponding to one piece of the Mpieces of code block information; obtaining a quantity of bits outputafter rate matching is performed on the one piece of code blockinformation; and obtaining K layers of output bit information of the onepiece of code block information based on the quantity of layerscorresponding to the one piece of code block information and thequantity of bits output after rate matching is performed on the onepiece of code block information, wherein N is an integer greater than 1;modulating the N layers of output bit information; and transmitting, bya communications interface, the modulated N layers of output bitinformation.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining aquantity K of layers corresponding to one piece of code blockinformation comprises: obtaining, based on the quantity N of layerscorresponding to the M pieces of code block information and M, thequantity K of layers corresponding to the one piece of code blockinformation.
 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining,based on the quantity N of layers corresponding to the M pieces of codeblock information and M, the quantity K of layers corresponding to theone piece of code block information comprises: obtaining, according tothe following formula, the quantity K of layers corresponding to the onepiece of code block information: $\{ {\begin{matrix}{\lfloor \frac{N}{M} \rfloor,} & {0 \leq r \leq {M - {N\mspace{14mu} \% \mspace{14mu} M} - 1}} \\{\lceil \frac{N}{M} \rceil,} & {{M - {N\mspace{14mu} \% \mspace{14mu} M} - 1} < r < N}\end{matrix},} $ wherein r represents an index of the one pieceof code block information.
 4. The method according to claim 1, whereinthe obtaining a quantity of bits output after rate matching is performedon the one piece of code block information comprises: obtaining, basedon the quantity of layers corresponding to the one piece of code blockinformation, a quantity of spatial multiplexing layers, a modulationorder of one layer corresponding to the one piece of code blockinformation, and a quantity of resource elements occupied by thecodeword to which the one piece of code block information belongs, thequantity of bits output after rate matching is performed on the onepiece of code block information.
 5. The method according to claim 4,wherein the obtaining, based on the quantity of layers corresponding tothe one piece of code block information, a quantity of spatialmultiplexing layers, a modulation order of one layer corresponding tothe one piece of code block information, and a quantity of resourceelements occupied by the codeword to which the one piece of code blockinformation belongs, the quantity of bits output after rate matching isperformed on the one piece of code block information comprises:obtaining, according to the following formula, the quantity of bitsoutput after rate matching is performed on the one piece of code blockinformation:E _(r) =K●N _(L) ●Q _(SM) ●N _(RE), wherein E_(r) represents thequantity of bits output after rate matching is performed on the onepiece of code block information, K represents the quantity of layerscorresponding to the one piece of code block information, N_(L)represents the quantity of spatial multiplexing layers, Q_(SM)represents the modulation order of the one layer corresponding to theone piece of code block information, and N_(RE) represents the quantityof resource elements occupied by the codeword to which the one piece ofcode block information belongs.
 6. The method according to claim 1,wherein the obtaining K layers of output bit information of the onepiece of code block information based on the quantity of layerscorresponding to the one piece of code block information and thequantity of bits output after rate matching is performed on the onepiece of code block information comprises: obtaining an m^(th) layer ofoutput bit information in the K layers of output bit information of theone piece of code block information according to the following formula,to obtain the K layers of output bit information, wherein m is aninteger ranging from 0 to K−1:B={b _(m+n) ●K}, wherein B represents the m^(th) layer of output bitinformation of the one piece of code block information, m represents anindex of a layer corresponding to the one piece of code blockinformation, m=0 , . . . , or K−1, b_(m+n●K) represents an (m+n●K)^(th)output bit to be mapped to an m^(th) layer after rate matching isperformed on the one piece of code block information, n=0 , . . . , or${\frac{E_{r}}{K} - 1},$ K represents the quantity of layerscorresponding to the one piece of code block information, and E_(r)represents the quantity of bits output after rate matching is performedon the one piece of code block information.
 7. A method of receivinginformation, comprising: receiving, by a communications interface, asignal from an information sending device; obtaining, by a processor, Nlayers of output bit information based on the received signal; andprocessing, by the processor, the N layers of output bit information toobtain M pieces of code block information.
 8. The method according toclaim 7, wherein the processing the N layers of output bit informationto obtain M pieces of code block information comprises: determining,based on an index corresponding to each of N layers and indexescorresponding to the M pieces of code block information, output bitinformation corresponding to the M pieces of code block information; andprocessing the output bit information corresponding to the M pieces ofcode block information to obtain the M pieces of code block information.9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the processing the N layersof output bit information to obtain M pieces of code block informationcomprises: performing de-interleaving processing on the N layers ofoutput bit information to obtain a first bitstream, wherein the firstbitstream is obtained by concatenating bitstreams obtained after ratematching is performed on the M pieces of code block information; andobtaining the M pieces of code block information based on the firstbitstream.
 10. A communications apparatus, comprising: a processor,configured to: obtain M pieces of to-be-sent code block informationcorresponding to one codeword, wherein M is a positive integer; performthe following processing on each of the M pieces of code blockinformation to obtain N layers of output bit information: obtain aquantity K of layers corresponding to one piece of code blockinformation; obtaining a quantity of bits output after rate matching isperformed on the one piece of code block information; and obtain Klayers of output bit information of the one piece of code blockinformation based on the quantity of layers corresponding to the onepiece of code block information and the quantity of bits output afterrate matching is performed on the one piece of code block information,wherein N is an integer greater than 1; and modulate the N layers ofoutput bit information; and a communications interface, configured tosend the modulated N layers of output bit information.
 11. Thecommunications apparatus according to claim 10, wherein that theprocessor is configured to obtain a quantity K of layers correspondingto one piece of code block information comprises: obtaining, based onthe quantity N of layers corresponding to the M pieces of code blockinformation and M, the quantity K of layers corresponding to the onepiece of code block information.
 12. The communications apparatusaccording to claim 11, wherein that the processor is configured toobtain, based on the quantity N of layers corresponding to the M piecesof code block information and M, the quantity K of layers correspondingto the one piece of code block information comprises: obtaining,according to the following formula, the quantity K of layerscorresponding to the one piece of code block information:$\{ {\begin{matrix}{\lfloor \frac{N}{M} \rfloor,} & {0 \leq r \leq {M - {N\mspace{14mu} \% \mspace{14mu} M} - 1}} \\{\lceil \frac{N}{M} \rceil,} & {{M - {N\mspace{14mu} \% \mspace{14mu} M} - 1} < r < N}\end{matrix},} $ wherein r represents an index of the one pieceof code block information.
 13. The communications apparatus according toclaim 10, wherein that the processor is configured to obtain a quantityof bits output after rate matching is performed on the one piece of codeblock information comprises: obtaining, based on the quantity of layerscorresponding to the one piece of code block information, a quantity ofspatial multiplexing layers, a modulation order of one layercorresponding to the one piece of code block information, and a quantityof resource elements occupied by the codeword to which the one piece ofcode block information belongs, the quantity of bits output after ratematching is performed on the one piece of code block information. 14.The communications apparatus according to claim 13, wherein that theprocessor is configured to obtain, based on the quantity of layerscorresponding to the one piece of code block information, a quantity ofspatial multiplexing layers, a modulation order of one layercorresponding to the one piece of code block information, and a quantityof resource elements occupied by the codeword to which the one piece ofcode block information belongs, the quantity of bits output after ratematching is performed on the one piece of code block informationcomprises: obtaining, according to the following formula, the quantityof bits output after rate matching is performed on the one piece of codeblock information:E _(r) =K●N _(L) ●Q _(SM) ●N _(RE), wherein E _(r) represents thequantity of bits output after rate matching is performed on the onepiece of code block information, K represents the quantity of layerscorresponding to the one piece of code block information, N_(L)represents the quantity of spatial multiplexing layers, Q_(SM)represents the modulation order of the one layer corresponding to theone piece of code block information, and N_(RE) represents the quantityof resource elements occupied by the codeword to which the one piece ofcode block information belongs.
 15. The communications apparatusaccording to claim 10, wherein that the processor is configured toobtain K layers of output bit information of the one piece of code blockinformation based on the quantity of layers corresponding to the onepiece of code block information and the quantity of bits output afterrate matching is performed on the one piece of code block informationcomprises: obtaining an m^(th) layer of output bit information in the Klayers of output bit information of the one piece of code blockinformation according to the following formula, to obtain the K layersof output bit information, wherein m is an integer ranging from 0 toK−1:B={b _(m+n●K)}, wherein B represents the m^(th) layer of output bitinformation of the one piece of code block information, m represents anindex of a layer corresponding to the one piece of code blockinformation, m=0 , . . . , or K−1, b_(m+n●K) represents an (m+n●K)^(th)output bit to be mapped to an m^(th) layer after rate matching isperformed on the one piece of code block information, n=0 , . . . , or${\frac{E_{r}}{K} - 1},$ K represents the quantity of layerscorresponding to the one piece of code block information, and E_(r)represents the quantity of bits output after rate matching is performedon the one piece of code block information.
 16. A communicationsapparatus, comprising: a communications interface, configured to receivea signal sent by an information sending device; and a processor,configured to: obtain N layers of output bit information based on thereceived signal, and process the N layers of output bit information toobtain M pieces of code block information.
 17. The communicationsapparatus according to claim 16, wherein that the processor isconfigured to process the N layers of output bit information to obtain Mpieces of code block information comprises: determining, based on anindex corresponding to each of N layers and indexes corresponding to theM pieces of code block information, output bit information correspondingto the M pieces of code block information; and processing the output bitinformation corresponding to the M pieces of code block information toobtain the M pieces of code block information.
 18. The communicationsapparatus according to claim 16, wherein that the processor isconfigured to process the N layers of output bit information to obtain Mpieces of code block information comprises: performing de-interleavingprocessing on the N layers of output bit information to obtain a firstbitstream, wherein the first bitstream is obtained by concatenatingbitstreams obtained after rate matching is performed on the M pieces ofcode block information; and obtaining the M pieces of code blockinformation based on the first bitstream.